HABERMAS TENTANG AGAMA, NEGARA HUKUM, DAN RUANG PUBLIK

Abstract

Articulating religious interests in the secular public space has always been difficult to understand. Because it brings very broad consequences for the political and social aspects in a rule of law state realism. However, the emergence of religious articulations conveying divisive doctrines and arguments sparked a stalemate of discussion among the citizens. Certain laws that favor the interests of certain religions also give birth to dissatisfaction with other religions. Herbermas conveyed the idea of a communicative action that can be applied to overcome this mazy problem. This paper examines Habermas' theory and its relevance to religious discourse in the public sphere, using a library study method that requires more philosophical and theoretical processing than empirical testing. The result that the researcher put forward is that religion can be articulated by public reason in the public area. Citizens realize that they cannot reach a consensus when arguments are based on divisive doctrines. Therefore, they must convey religious doctrine in the form of public reasoning, an idea that every citizen can discuss regardless of their religion. For Habermas, the position of law is very important. The law is a balancing and unifying. Multicultural society can live together only with a mutually agreed consensus. So the important thing offered by Habermas is law which is the result of communicative actions and the concept of public space that everyone can communicate in an equal position.