HAK ASASI MANUSIA DALAM NEGARA HUKUM TERKAIT ANTARA IDEALITAS KONSTITUSI DAN REALITAS IMPLEMENTASI DI INDONESIA

Abstract

Human Rights (HAM) constitute the fundamental foundation of a democratic rule of law. In the context of constitutional law, the protection and respect for human rights are not merely normative imperatives but also serve as key indicators of the legitimacy of state power. This article explores how the concept of human rights is integrated within the legal framework of the rule of law in Indonesia and evaluates the challenges and obstacles in its implementation. Based on an analysis of legal instruments, institutional practices, and recent socio-political dynamics, this study finds that despite regulatory progress, the enforcement of human rights still faces systemic barriers such as weak law enforcement, a prevailing culture of impunity, and restrictions on civil liberties. Furthermore, the article emphasizes the importance of synergy between state institutions and civil society in upholding human rights, while offering reflections on efforts to strengthen the constitutional legal system in the future.