PROBLEMATIKA REVISI UNDANG-UNDANG TENTARA NASIONAL INDONESIA DALAM PERSPEKTIF HUKUM TATA NEGARA: ANTARA REFORMASI SEKTOR KEAMANAN DAN ANCAMAN MILITERISME

Abstract

This article discusses the issues surrounding the revision of the Indonesian National Armed Forces Law (UU TNI) from a constitutional law perspective, particularly in the post-1998 reform era, which marked a turning point in the separation of military roles from civilian and political domains. However, the 2025 revision of the law has sparked new controversy, particularly concerning provisions that expand the military's role in Military Operations Other Than War (MOOTW) including internal security management, which was previously the domain of the police—and increase the number of government institutions that may be staffed by active-duty military personnel from 10 to 14. The findings suggest that this revision presents a dilemma between the need for modernization of the national defense system and concerns about the resurgence of militarism. The study also highlights the weak public participation in the legislative process and the lack of transparency in drafting key articles. Further discussion emphasizes the importance of legal reform that involves civil society elements, upholds participatory and accountability principles, and strengthens oversight mechanisms over military institutions. Through an inclusive approach and a constitutional law perspective, the revision of the UU TNI should aim to strengthen a professional defense system that is responsive to contemporary threats—such as cyber warfare and terrorism while ensuring that military power remains under legitimate and democratic civilian control.