KEBIJAKAN HUKUM PIDANA DALAM MENANGGULANGI KEJAHATAN EKONOMI KORPORASI

Abstract

The development of economic globalization, technological advances, and the increasing role of corporations in the economy have had a significant impact on legal and social dynamics. However, this progress has also triggered an increase in economic crimes committed by corporations, which are complex, systematic, and difficult to detect. Corporate economic crimes, such as financial statement manipulation, tax evasion, money laundering, and corruption, not only harm the state and society financially, but also threaten national economic stability, undermine the legal system, and erode public trust. This study aims to analyze criminal law policies in addressing corporate economic crimes and identify various obstacles in the application of economic sanctions to corporations. The method used is normative legal research with a literature review approach that examines laws and regulations, legal literature, scientific journals, and legal implementation practices in various countries. The results show that the enforcement of economic sanctions against corporations still faces various obstacles, including legal loopholes, regulatory disharmony between agencies, the economic and political power of corporations, and the weak capacity of law enforcement officials. Furthermore, the complexity of calculating losses resulting from corporate crimes presents a challenge in determining proportionate sanctions. Therefore, criminal law reform, strengthened inter-institutional coordination, increased capacity of law enforcement officials, and the effective and equitable application of economic sanctions are needed so that criminal law policy can function optimally in combating corporate economic crime.