Laporan Kasus: Koeksistensi Tuberkulosis Paru dan Penyakit Paru Obstruktif Kronik

Abstract

Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and pulmonary tuberculosis are two chronic respiratory diseases that can be interrelated and present challenges in diagnosis and management. COPD is generally caused by long-term exposure to cigarette smoke, leading to progressive damage to the airways and lung tissue, while pulmonary tuberculosis can cause structural destruction, fibrosis, and bronchiectasis that result in airflow obstruction. We report a case of a 41-year-old male, an active smoker for 15 years, who was undergoing pulmonary tuberculosis therapy and presented with progressive shortness of breath, chronic productive cough, and worsening fatigue over the past two weeks. Based on anamnesis, physical examination, and supporting investigations including chest X-ray and spirometry, the patient was diagnosed with acute exacerbation of COPD overlapping with pulmonary tuberculosis under treatment. This case highlights the importance of vigilance for the coexistence of COPD in patients with a history of tuberculosis, as both conditions can exacerbate pulmonary function impairment and require comprehensive, integrated, and continuous management.